Official Crime Statistics Essay

What be the main(prenominal) strengths and weaknesses of official hatred statistics and dupeization surveys? In this essay I will be discussing the main strengths and weaknesses of official abhorrence statistics and victimization surveys. I pitch done tremendous research to choke up my work, I ease up in any case used famous criminologists and some former(a)(a) bodies who understand criminalization to help re-enforce my points. Most experts and successful authors, such as Tim Newburn, Brent E. Turvey and Clive Coleman brook attempted, through their literature to show how criminal offence has evolved and how surveys wee-wee influenced the publics views about it. The basic ever demesneal wickedness statistics were published in France, 1827. Adolphe Quetelet, a scholar and previous astronomer was the first individual to take a serious approach and interest in criminal statistics. He then went on to become a lede body in criminology and social sciences for his work. Off icial abomination statistics atomic number 18 position under the ideology of offense footsteps in the UK and Wales. Numbers that the BCS, constabulary and other law aboding bodies can gather together from the public, their research and other sources to help give the most high-fidelity rate of aversion they can. victimisation surveys are in the main random samples of the population asked whether they have been a victim to crime in spite of appearance a specific period of time. The reasons wherefore these twain varied types of surveys must be taken are so that crime statistics can attempt to be more solid, although the contention is al courses do that there will never be an accurate percent succession of crime and I will also be touching on why this statement has and always will be made. plague statistics and Victimisation surveys are polls taken and received by victims of crime or the criminals and individuals who pay them. There has been often controversy amongst c rime statistics of how accurate and precise they authentic all in ally are. I will be discussing these issues, but general riveting my main points onto the strengths and weaknesses of official crimes statistics and victimisation surveys. Without crime statistics there would be no go aboutning grounds on the numbers of crimes averagely committed, by what sex and by what age group. However, without victimization surveys crimes may stay hidden crimes such as internal violence, burglary and intimidation.Why I mention these three in particular are because statistics show that most common repeat victims of crime are within these types of offences. Other offences also include other household theft and vandalism. unity example of a top victimization survey is the British Crime Survey. The British Crime Survey or BCS for short is a nationwide represented survey with a successful sample of approximately 47,000 adults sustentation in private households in England and wales every year . The BCS started its surveys in 1981 and it became a fluent survey database until 2001/2002. This survey is a facial expression to face interview where the respondents or victims are asked about their experiences and feelings of crime that may have happened to them or people they know in the last 12 months, the BCS also ask them about their opinions of crime and crime related topics such as anti-social behaviour. These types of people would also be asked about the effectiveness of the constabulary and how they dole out with these issues of crime.The British crime survey is a very important backbone piece of information and source of data on the background of respondents and the overall circumstances of victimization. A public, accurate crime statistic is most commonly the police, a more community based, less national and less accurate interlingual rendition as its range of scope does non cover the nation however both sources limit themselves to a set of offences. Making it ea sier to net income a more accurate percentage. sensation main difference amidst the BCS and the police is that the BCS excludes victimless crimes, drug dealing and murder. The reason for this is the victims are no long-lasting available to discuss the dismantlets that happened. Other crimes they exclude are sexual offences this is generally due to the small number reported and the unwillingness of respondents to come forward. some other main difference amidst the two is that BCS thefts including personal property and other household full points, because with the police they would involve everything included in the theft, jewellery, personal belongings, with the BCS it would all fall into a similar category making it a rugged task to achieve. A weakness of official crime statistics and victimisation surveys is that an argument could be bought up are they actually official? Just because theyre published doesnt make them correct. What about the crimes that arent reported, Becau se of victims be afraid, fright or not having trust in the police. These flushts being called Hidden Crimes or as they are often referred to Dark Figures. In addition to this, recent day statistics are now more enclosed, for example in Tim Newburns Criminology he discusses how crimes such as violence against the person accounts to events such as murder, assault, however not reckless driving which could be considered to focus in full on physical damage.So as statistics are not as open to as many crimes as they wish, some will drift off through and peradventure go into a much minor category. obviously a disadvantage being that individual may feel omit and reluctant to detail the events. Due to the declining of main volume crimes in the recent years, beliefs about crime are still quite high. A tierce of the population from 2003 still believed that crime was a high rated problem. Advantages of Statistics such as these are that they tend to give the public a clear reason of w hat crime rates are at. This table shows beliefs about crime, public charge that possibly the tabloids could have caused. This is discussed a weakness to crime statistics and the public, in a way the media are creating crimes, feeding on crime fear.As I mentioned earlier Crime statistics are never fully accurate and supply is always an important component part when determining crime. Smaller crimes such as robbery are associated with the Underclass Theory by Charles Murray. These types of offences are more down to the individual sort of than a group. Dr Ziggy MacDonald of the University of Leicester wrote a piece in the Economic Journal about Hidden Crimes, one of the things his research showed was that forecasts of crime trends fail to take proper account of what drives unreported crime. For example, soulfulness who is presently unemployed is 7% less likely to report a burglary than somebody who is currently in work, while someone on a comparatively high income is 8% more lik ely to report a burglary than someone on less than average income He discussed how the decrease in fight could eventually lead to the higher rate of theft from peoples properties, and resulting in victims not reporting it, maybe thinking it wont matter as their income isnt high enough to replace the item anyway. Even though the difference between low income individuals and high income individuals is 1% which from my research closely is around 16% burglaries every year as a crime rate, 1% of those victims with a low income are subjected towards not reporting theft of their possessions. Certain individuals economic location (as shown in from MacDonalds work) can become a huge factor when determining Hidden Crimes.People could feel helpless as income is low, or they may live in a deprived area, with no way of being helped their behaviour could become broken referring to the broken glass scheme a single building could have a shattered window for a period of time and the community ar ound that area may feel unwanted, loss a physical and emotional gap between this community and the open world. Because of this, other buildings may become trashed and broken, people would begin to avoid the area it self, the view of fear within these Hidden Crimes. This adds to the statistics the BCS and the police may not know about, smaller areas may not be expected to have high rates of crime and therefore focus is taken away from them. Bigger areas such as Birmingham would be a prime target for crime, the assumption is made. Another theory could that there could possibly be loss Criminology, Crime due to class divisions within a cabaret or community, or perhaps crimes of the powerful, individuals or groups of people being treated differently in decree, expelled from other physical and emotional contact, leaving them no choice but to turn to crime.Transference, to be precise. In August, 2011 the riots in the United Kingdom gave breach to a huge collaboration of crime sprees. Over 1000 people were arrested, yet possibly over 100,000 protested against this Marxist Criminology from politics, student fees and tax increases. Not every individual was caught, making statistics even scarcer. These significant changes within society set alight events that triggered this. This idea of neo Marxism relating to Dark Figures as not every individual in society has the same equal access as other fortunate people, be it financially, emotionally and they lash out because of it. Yet these crimes arent recorded, they go unremarked and became a damaging part of a society. In relation to this is the go away Realism theory, a social democratic approach to the analysis of crime and the development of effective policies of crime control. At the heart of all of this is a source of suffering for the poor and the vulnerable, this links from the ideology of smaller much petty crimes. Bullying for example which as many of 44% of suicides by children from the ages of 10-14 are pote ntially linked.Data sources of the years have developed and cock-a-hoop onto this topic from the 1900s as society and trends begin to evolve. Children picked on because of their backgrounds or income, yet data sources still have a less accurate number to this topic than any other. Official crime statistics do not generally show crimes committed by corporations, if any results are shown, they arent ever big corporations. An example of corporations is Citibank, high profile data breaches, and even the business Sony. These White Collar Crimes are not easily detected, distinguishing them from victimization surveys. They could be breaches of health and safety laws, not identifiable to the easiest detail. Linking to this could be an idea of a corporations being known as Mavericks people who are the exceptions rather than the rules, so society and governing bodies refuse to believe that they would commit corporate crimes, allowing them to get off easy. Or even reducing the expected costs .One of the biggest corporate crimes was an incident that occurred in 1984 Bhopal. Hundreds of people were killed in a chemic accident, by a company called Union Carbide. They owned a pesticide vegetation which was around 3 miles from Bhopal. The leading director of that company told the BBC that methyl isocyanate fuck up (MIC) had escaped when a valve in the plants underground computer storage tank broke under pressure As laws are different from the USA and India, payments have still not been made to the families, who deserve compensation, an American firm that is above the law and have been forced into no effective action whatsoever.Could this have future affects to India, How people live, fear foreign businesses, Should they have to live in fear. In conclusion to my research and the theories I have mentioned. I believe that crime statistics can define the crime rate in the UK every year, both types of surveys have their weaknesses and strengths, society as a whole helps moul d the body of crime, they can also be the authorized source to provide it, and stop it. My results and research from numerous sources have given over an indication on the levels of crime in the UK.Bibliographyhttp//www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/hosb1011/ http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/627523/victim-survey http//www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/crime-justice/crime/victims-of-crime/index.html http//webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110218135832/http//rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/crimeew0809.html http//www.res.org.uk/society/mediabriefings/pdfs/2002/february/macdonald1.pdf http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/3/newsid_2698000/2698709.stm http//www.civitas.org.uk/crime/factsheet-YouthOffending.pdf

Cloud Computing Unit 2 Lab 1 Essay

If study the haze over solutions and services for businesses from amazon, Google, and Rackspace.virago virago flexile Compute mist over (virago EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute faculty in the buy. It is de crisscrossed to make web-scale reckon easier for developers. Amazon EC2 is simple web service port wine allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction. It provides you with staring(a) control of your computing resources and lets you run on Amazons proven computing environment. Amazon EC2 reduces the measure required to obtain and invoke new server interpreters to minutes, allowing you to chop-chop scale capacity, both up and down in the mouth, as your computing requirements change.Amazon EC2 changes the economics of computing by allowing you to pay however for capacity that you actually use. Amazon EC2 provides developers the tools to build failure tough applications and isolate themselves from common failure scenarios that ar common amongst other(a) cloud providers. Amazon EC2 presents a true practical(prenominal) computing environment, allowing you to use web service interfaces to launch instances with a build of operating systems, load them with your custom application environment, manage your networks regain permissions, and run your image with the number of systems as you desire.The Amazon EC2 impart provide some of the following features Inexpensive Amazon EC2 passes on to you the monetary benefits of Amazons scale. You pay a very(prenominal) low regulate for the compute capacity you actually consume. On-Demand Instances let you pay for compute capacity by the hour with no great-term commitments.Reserved Instances Reserved Instances outflow you the option to make a low, one-time payment for each instance you trust to reserve and in turn receive a signifi loafert terminate on the hourly charge for that instance. Spot Instances Spot Instances allow customers to compact on unused Ama zon EC2 capacity and run those instances for as long as their bid exceeds the current Spot Price.The Spot Price changes sporadically based on supply and demand, and customers whose bids meet or exceed it elucidate access to the available Spot Instances. Elastic Amazon EC2 enables you to increase or decrease capacity within minutes, not hours or days. You rear equip a variety of server instances simultaneously. Because this is all controlled with web service APIs, your applications deal automatically scale itself upand down depending on its needs.Reliable Amazon EC2 offers a super real environment where replacement instances can be rapidly and predictably commissioned. The service runs within Amazons proven network infrastructure and selective informationcenters.Secure Amazon EC2 works in happenstance with Amazon VPC to provide security and robust networking functionality for your compute resources.Amazon Elastic Block Store Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) offers lasti ng storage for Amazon EC2 instances. Amazon EBS volumes are network-attached, and persist one by one from the life of an instance. Amazon EBS volumes are highly available, highly reliable volumes that can be leveraged as an Amazon EC2 instances boot partition or attached to a running Amazon EC2 instance as a standard block device.EBS-Optimized Instances For a low, additional, hourly fee, customers award Amazon EC2 instances types as EBS-Optimized instances. EBS-Optimized instances enable Amazon EC2 instances to fully utilize the IOPS provisioned on an EBS volume. EBS-Optimized instances deliver dedicated throughput surrounded by Amazon EC2 and Amazon EBS, with options between 500 Mbps and 1000 Mbps depending on the instance type used.Multiple Locations Amazon EC2 provides the ability to place instances in multiple locations. Amazon EC2 locations are be of Regions and Availability Zones. Availability Zones are distinct locations that are engineered to be insulated from failures in other Availability Zones and provide inexpensive, low latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the similar Region.Amazon Virtual Private infect Amazon Virtual Private befoul lets you provision a logically isolated section of the Amazon Web Services Cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define. You have complete control over your virtual networking environment, including selection of your own IP manoeuvre range, creation of subnets, andconfiguration of route tables and network gateways.Amazon CloudWatch Amazon CloudWatch is a web service that provides monitoring for AWS cloud resources and applications, starting with Amazon EC2. It provides you with visibility into resource utilization, operational exertion, and overall demand patternsincluding metrics such as CPU utilization, disk reads and writes, and network traffic.Google Cloud Connect a save cloud computing plug-in for Windows Microsoft subprogram 2003, 2007 and 20 10 that can automatically store and synchronise any Microsoft Word papers, PowerPoint presentation, or Excel spreadsheet to Google Docs in Google Docs or Microsoft function formats. The Google Doc copy is automatically updated each time the Microsoft Office enter is relieve. Microsoft Office documents can be edited offline and synchronized later when online.Google Cloud Sync maintains previous Microsoft Office document versions and allows multiple users to collaborate, working on the same document at the same time. Google Cloud Connect was quit on April 30, 2013 former users are advised to migrate to Google take on. This solution is, however, only available to paying users of Google Drive. Backup Microsoft Office documents could be manually or automatically dressinged up to Google Docs each time they are saved locally.Synchronize Changes made to an Office document on one estimator can sync when the file is opened on another computer. Microsoft Office documents synced to Goo gle Docs can be made accessible to one person. Microsoft Office documents synced to Google Docs can be made accessible only to selected people. A shared document can be set to only be viewed by others or edited as well. Documents synced to Google Docs can effectively be published by making them accessible to anyone.Multiple users can work on the same document at the same time. When one person edits a document, others sacramental manduction the document receive an email letting them know. Use Google Cloud move to print to local or remote network connected printers. Allows you to correspond the previous version is maintained allowing users to compare to older versions. Roll back allows users can go back to a previous version of the document. unripened computing allows documents to be shared without printing or sending enceinte files.Only links need be sent. Mobilize Google Sync allows synced documents to be viewed and edited with most internet connected mobile devices. Storage 5G B of Google Drive storage is included for free. Rackspace The Rackspace human beings cloud gives you the tools you needjust sign up for a cloud account to get started. Plus, you can compound the quick, flexible deployment options of the public cloud with the security of private cloud and the exploit of dedicated servers in the hybrid cloud.Using Rackspace cloud you have access to Linux and Windows servers with persistent local hard drives and optional managed services. MySQL Cloud Databases with 22.9% faster performance than RDS. High-performance SSD Block Storage and Cloud Files storage with CDN for fast spheric delivery of content. Software-defined networks for network isolation, performing packet filtering, and supporting broadcast/multicast.The Rackspace cloud has different variations including hybrid and private clouds. The Private cloud is a ascendable cloud environment providing the agility and efficiency of a public cloud built on infrastructure dedicated exclusively fo r your organization. It can be hosted in your own data center, in a partner data center, or at Rackspace. Private clouds are ideal when you need to urge on innovation, have large compute and storage requirements, or have very strict control, security, and compliance needs. Running a private cloud requires time and expertise.When you work with Rackspace, you get the ability to host in our data center, your data center, or a colocation facility, access to experts at the company that launched OpenStack with NASA, as ofttimes or as little support as you need. Quickly and advantageously provision infrastructure so you can scale up and down to meet business needs. Advanced functionality, including dynamic provisioning and workload balancing managed by Rackspace, allow you to avoid costly and time-consuming IT projects and maintenance.The Hybrid (public) cloud is it combines public cloud, private cloud, and dedicated bare metal computing and makes them work as one to Fit your applicatio n, instead of forcing your application to fit it. Boost performance, security, and reliableness while reducing costs because you use the proper tool for the right job. It delivers an OpenStack-based platform for the flexibility you demand. Rackspace offers a range of hybrid cloud solutions, from out-of-the-box to highly customized.

Healthy Boy-Girl Relationships

Reading Report Strain Checks Focal Technology & Livelihood study Summary IV thaumaturgy The first lesson was around healthy boy-girl relationships. Topics overwhelm familiaritys in mate selection, The differences between Love and Infatuation and things to keep in point roughly dating. The second lesson was all about courtship and intricacy. thither were even some things I didnt know about gentlemanage true courtship practices like Harlan and things like that.We in like manner reviewed some modern ways of courtship and all about dating and choosing lifetime partners. We similarly tackled the engagement recess and responsibilities of the engaged couples. The third lesson was all about families the social and heathen changes, family composition, roles and responsibilities and Filipino values that seem to dwindle through time and we moldiness(prenominal) strive to keep alive. Reflection I learned a group about these things, and how to handle myself as a teen, how I sh ould patiently hold in for the right time, and how to choose my lifetime partner when the time comes.Since Im still in high school, most feelings come as puppy love and infatuation, and also I should prioritize my studies first because I must first annoy a Job ND quern a lot of m wizy in the first place I start engaging in my love lifeboats I dont take to be like another(prenominal) people who start families even though they didnt finish schooling yet and they dont bewilder a budget. I also learned about things I should always bear in mind when someday I start my own family and I should teach my children the equal values my p arnts, grandparents and ancestors passed down from generation to generation. Bible says aboutIV John What the 1) Friendship In the Bible, unrivaled of the most common stories about assistantship is that of David and Jonathan. Although Jonathans father, King Saul, wanted to murder David, Jonathan still cared for him, love him and treated him like a br other. Verses about Friendship Proverbs 1824 A man of many companions may come to ruin, only when there Is a mate who sticks closer than a brother. Proverbs 275-6 Better is open rebuke than inexplicable Ecclesiastic 49 Two are better than one, because they view a good return for their work If one falls down, his friend can help him up.But pity the man who falls and has no one to help him up 2) Courtship Isaac and Rebirths story is one of the most loved in the Bible. It reminds us that divinity knows whats best for us, and he has someone prepared. We only have to trust his testament because he has the perfect timing. It also warns us non to choose partners outside our faith, because unbeli invariablys can lead us astray. Verses about Courtship John 1 512 This is my commandment, That ye love one another, as I have loved you. Corinthians 614-15 Do not be bound together with unbelievers for what partnership have righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship has light with darkness? Or what harmony has christ with Belief, or what has a believer in common with an unbeliever? John 1 59 As the Father hath loved me, so have I loved you intention ye in my love. 3) engagement Engagement is important. It shows your distressfulness in wanting to marry your partner. The Bible says the same. It also talks about Gods love for us and how he volition betroth us in righteousness, wise Judgment, lopsidedness and mercies.It also reminds us that we should agree with each other and love each other, for that, as the Bible says, is the bond of preferences. Verses about Engagement Hoses 219-20 And I will betroth thee unto me for ever yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in Judgment, and in lopsidedness, and in mercies. Amos 33 Can two walk together, except they be agreed? Colombians 314 And above all these things put on charity, which is the bond of preferences. 4) Marriage The Bible has a lot to say about marriage.I only chose a few verses but these are very long because I love the point the writers are trying to make. Marriage is a sacred thing. A promise and a commitment for a lifetime. But some people these days arent victorious marriage seriously. Read what the Bible says Verses about Marriage Matthew 194-6 Havent you read, he replied, that at the beginning the Creator made them male and female, and said, For this reason a man will come forth his father and mother and be unify to his wife, and the two will flummox one flesh? So they separate. Ephesians 522-33 Wives, take aim to your husbands as to the Lord. For the husband is the gunpoint of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior. Now as the church asks to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything. Husbands, love your wives, Just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her to make her holy, cleansing her by the gashing with water through the word, and to bring in her to himself a s a radiant church, without stain or wrinkle or any other blemish, but holy and blameless.In this same way, husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. After all, no one ever hated his own body, but he feeds and cares for it, Just as Christ does the church for we are members of his body. For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh. This is a profound mysterybut I am talking about Christ and the church. However, each one of you also must love his wife as he loves himself, and the wife must treasure her husband.Hebrews 134-7 Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage tooshie kept pure, for God will Judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral. Keep your lives free from the love of money and be content with what you have, because God has said, Never will I leave you never will I forsake you. So we say with confidence, The Lord is my helper I will not be afraid. What can man do to me? Remember your leaders, who talk the word of God to you. Consider the outcome of their way of life and simulate their faith.

Who is the real Alcibiades?

According to Gribble (1999) Alcibiades is unmatchable of the most famous semipolitical citizenry from Greece in the ancient history who came from a one of the powerful families in the ancient Greek.He is shelp to have been a very courageous man, wishful but yet with bad morals Apart from being an wide awake person in the political issues he was also talented in giving good speeches an art that he was taught by one of his wide teachers who at that snip was the Socrates.His life in governmentAlcibiades started his career in politics during the time of a state of war c onlyed the Peloponnesian war that involved the muckle of Sparta and Greece. In this war Alcibiades with his ambitions wanted to lead the army to continue combat so that Greek would win over the Spartans because in that location were signs that the war was ending.Nicias who was repre moveing and peremptory the army in Greek had entered into peace deals with the people of Sparta. So one day most people from Sp arta were sent to capital of Greece the city of Greece to retrovert a message of peace to the people of Greece going specifically finished Nicias Gribble (1999).As discussed in Gribble (1999) while they were there Alcibiades through his sweet talk managed to influence them to oppose the idea of having peace between the two regions as it would tho benefit Nicias. By doing all this he undermined the lawsuits of capital of Greece and Sparta of wanting to pass water peace with the Spartans by giving false information to the people who had been sent from Sparta to negotiate with Nicias.Following the information that Sparta the war resumed with the people of capital of Greece blaming Nicias who latter on lost political trust among the people of Athens and in effort to ensure that they maintained their powerful status that Greek was holding in the society they appointed Alcibiades to be the commander of their army starting a political career that led him to problems until his death a t a war while he was still a commander.The another(prenominal) wars that he in participated in include the war against the Abydos, Chalydon and other wars that were surfaceside the city of Athens in which his strategies were said to have succeeded in setting the enemies against the Athenians.Roles he playedAs summarized in Gribble (1999) at the time he was the commander Alcibiades made so some(prenominal) enemies because of this habit of changing political stands and taking actions that cost the lives of people and some of his actions were considered not to be moral in the society.This was seen when at the start of his political life he led campaigns that were portraying Athenians as people who were so aggressive in development their power during the Peloponnesian war. He had utilize the Sparta people to achieve his own intentions in that manner made friends with them since they purpose of him as being their true friend.In addition to that Gribble (1999) at the time Athens wen t to war with Sicily he was accused of disobeying the rules that had been set by the army and disobeying the other rulers which made the enemies in Athens wanting to kill him.He then ran to Sparta and from there he again incited the Spartan against the Athenians in the war that came afterwards. As an adviser to the Spartans he made them to withdraw the support that they were giving in aid for war that had just ended in Athens getting their support.Gribble (1999) he then went back to Athens by promising the people of Athens that he would facilitate a process that would ensure they get a new constitution. He also promised to take riches to them from Sparta and with all the seriousness they accepted him back. After he was taken back the military gave him a big position where he planned to undermine the commander by spreading information that the Athens military had persuaded him to return so as to bring change when he failed to fulfill his promises.How he looked as a traitorThrough a ll the actions that he led Alcibiades was always seen inciting many people who were against Athens. He used to draw the attention of those people by luring them through talks, using money, false promises among other favors.This made Greece to face a tough time in dealing with its enemies as given that there was someone corresponding Alcibiades who had most of the information about Greece many of their war secrets were give out making them to be more cautious on the strategies that they were using. By doing all this evil deeds at the last minute he was disowned by the people when the war ended and he was left to the enemies who killed him Gribble (1999).

Appearance Vs Reality Essay

Through kayoed liveliness we atomic number 18 constantly collaring new perceptions of things and in turn constantly changing our perception of certainity. The Key inventions of styles and Reality were explored through the habituate of Paradox, Point of medical prognosis and Verisimilitude, within the texts The Truman establish ( peckerwood Weir) and Relativity (Escher). These concepts were used to effectively portray the discern differences, and deeper meanings of Appearance and Reality. The way in which we view an object, situation or concept, greatly affects how we interpret its man.This concept is explored by using Point of view to turn the viewers ideas about the True macrocosm of within the Truman understand. The social unit idea and notion of our creation is based upon what we capture, what we grow up with. We bring from a young age what we see isnt always the integrity, and accordingly we adapt our reality to what we already k in a flash. This is the same for Truman Burbank, a 33 yr old average man. He is the unknowingly star of a telecasting show all of his life. Everything he does and says is recorded and televised uninterrupted 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.Like us Truman has never questioned his life as his point of view has never been given the opportunity to change. That was until a series of incidents occurred that changed his Point of view. A key change in Trumans point of view is when a series of on decide glitches lead him to see a different reality that clashes with what he knows. These events lead him to become odd and quite demented (Evident by the erratic car trip with Meryl), eventually leading to a point where Truman has Meryl by the throat with a stupefy of dicers and Meryl screams Somebody do something.This quote leads Truman to the core belief that there is something wrongly with his reality and that he will not stop until he finds out what is real and what is not. This eventually leads him to the point in wh ich he leaves the T. V set and has discovered the through a new point of view his accepted reality. This is Through the use of Point of view the audience is able to recover how changing views abide lead to a new reality. Reality or the Truth can be very hard to identify from an Appearance.The concept of Verisimilitude is very evident in Eschers Relativity through the use of conflicting images and vectors to reveal the hidden truth. Eschers relativity is an image that at first is very perplexing. A series of staircases intertwined in what appear at first to be impossible. The image can actually be viewed in different points of view, each of which changes the intention of what is real, and what is not within the image. E. g. persons are wake up/down a staircase and when the image is rotated, they are now walking upside down and defying gravity.The way, in which we observe it at either angle, an object within the image is wrong. The almost impossible picture, riddled with fancied appearances has still got reality within it. Using verisimilitude we are able to see that although the image has several off-key appearances, one of them must be the genuine reality, otherwise the image could not exist. The problem for the viewer though , is how can we judge one false truth as more real than the other, this means that no matter what our first appearances are always not going to reflect the true nature of the reality around us.The Truman show explores the Paradox of appearance and reality, and how that changes our final point of view towards a situation. In the Truman show we start off with the interviews of the cast, this is our first insight into how the show operates. A key quote which sets a problem within the demand is when Trumans best friend Marlon says Nothing you see on this show is fake. Its merely controlled. This is contradictory to the very nature of the show, its a show which is meant to have the Truth in it, e. g. (TRUE MAN), he is the reality of t he show and stock-still his reality is a false appearance.How we never question the nature of reality is also explored when Christof the director says we accept the reality with which we are presented. This is another paradox as we explored before a false reality is also illustration of the truth. Truman himself is accepting of the reality he is presented because he initially never had a reason to change his point of view. But through the film the paradoxes of the false reality and the Truth clash, revealing a deeper truth, which is revealed at the end of the film to Truman.The use of a Paradox to reveal a hidden truth between Appearance and reality is effective within the Truman show as it allows the Audience to change their point of view and observe how it is changed in others. The composer Peter Weir (The Truman show) and Escher (Relativity) both used Point of view to change the perceived reality of the persona and the viewer. Paradox and Verisimilitude are both mechanisms for the changes towards a true reality and are used by each composer to explore effectively the differences and similarities of Appearance and Reality.

Once Upon A Family Essay

In the loudness (Daley, 2007) Once Upon A Family by author Margaret Daley, we read almost a character by the name of Sean Williams who is helped by his principal at Cimarron High, where he attends school, by the name of Peter rock music. Laura Williams was extremely awkward as she stands before the high school principal, who is tall, dark and handsome, as she worries so much for her oldest child who had always been a well student. Peter Stone explains that Sean wasnt willing to talk very much about the contend that he took part in and wonders if the new move had anything to do with this sharp change in Seans behavior.Peter takes a special intimacy in Seans mother and realizes that he can help her, her family and himself in finding completeness in their lives. Peter Stone lives on a comely ranch and is a religious man who learns not only to like for Sean, but to a fault for his mother Laura and Seans siblings. The Williams family attend Peters church many times and learn tha t God has special intentions for their lives and also that all problems can be solved through prayer.Laura Williams is a good hearted, self-sacrificing widow, while Peter Stone worked at his job at the high school where he could make a difference in the lives of the young and attended church, faithfully to fulfill his religious needs, but he still needed the Williams family in his life to fill an empty repeal and just as desperately as they needed him. We learn from this book that God has a special way of bringing people unneurotic and he always knows exactly what we need.

Effectiveness of Working Individually Essay

AbstractThis purpose of this mathematics variantroom-establish enquiry study is to answer the avocation motion Will allowing scholarly persons to drub in assorts improve their thought, or settlement clearing separately lead to greater understanding? I be deal been at a crossroads trying to determine if and when to allow students to nominate in concert or to ready them bat al unrivalled beca expenditure students do non of all time manage the social aspects of free radical feed so that it depart be advantageous to them. fractional of the class was instructed that they would masterful their run away by exerciseing in roots the early(a) half of the class would complete their work by themselves. I comp bed students pretest results to their post-test results. In both categories at that place was non a good deal falsify in understanding from the ancestry of the unit to the end of the unit, reservation it intemperate to fold which student household demoe d check improvements in understanding. Finally, conclusions somewhat further research atomic number 18 discussed. posture of concerted eruditeness 3 Background This study suss outs students understandings well-nigh mathematics. The purpose of the research is to answer the adjacent question Will allowing students to work in groups improve their understanding, or bequeath working apiece lead to greater understanding? This idea of group dynamics has been studied and researched, but in my experience, I have had assorted results. In some situations, students help each another(prenominal), their duration is spent on task and they arrive at from peer actions. At other times, students spend their time chatting aboutthings that be non relevant to the consequence at hand, and do not get much work d matchless at all. When students in my class do their work independently, to the full(prenominal)est degree students tend to complete their work, or they will come ask for help if they empennagenot stop.I have been at a crossroads trying to determine if and when to allow students to work together or to make them work al atomic number 53 beca utilization students do not always manage the social aspects of group work so that it will be advantageous to them. I know why group work is not always a positive experience in my classroom. A major(ip) element that must be considered is the difficulty of the work that students are judge to complete. Often times, it may be too difficult for students to complete without counseling from the teacher, leading to group and individual frustration. This is a realistic concern disdain the fact this mathematics political platform is mandated by our regularize for all students at this grade train.Students are expected to complete the coursework with a certain level of independence and success, however, this issue is deba accede, as m whatever a(prenominal) educators who teach this mathematics program readily express th at they dis manage it and/or that their students have difficulty doing the work alone. other valid concern that foundation affect group work is management of student behavior. Making students stay centralizeed abide be wear maintained in my classroom if in that respect was to a greater extent bodily structure and guidelines about the norms and expectations of group work from the onset of the school year as well as continuous monitoring of group dynamics and progress.The participants in this study are from one of the 7th grade math class that I teach. The study was conducted during the 75-minute math periods. thither are 28 students, and I am the only teacher in the class. The classroom has 5 king-size tables where up to six students can sit. Most often, there are commonly four or five people at a table and the other students will sit at other places around the security deposit of the room. For example, students will sit at the computer table, dickens smaller tables, and o n a rug. The seating arrangement is important to this study since they were force of Cooperative Learning 4 assigned to work independently, and would need to sit alone, and others worked in groups and sat at the large tables. totally classes in the school are organized by our schools principal with the intention to have the students as equally balanced as possible,considering race, gender, academic action, and behavior as the criterion. The socio-economic status of the school is mainly middle class about 30% of the school qualifies for a free or reduced lunch. The tables and graphs d takestairs put down the number and percentage of students in each category.Literature Review There is an abundance of research regarding separate of students as an educational practice. Grouping can be classified into devil major types homogenized- or mixed- expertness groups. In both situation, students can work independently or co-oply. There have been many studies regarding each of these a reas that favor heterogeneous-ability groups and accommodative attainment groups. Homogenous grouping, or bring in, has been widely used in Americas educational history, and continues to be used today, but studies show that this type of grouping does not benefit students any more(prenominal) than heterogeneous groups (Esposito, 1973 Mills, 1999 Slavin, 1993 Slavin & Karweit, 1985). Kuliks (1992) analysis of the research noteworthy that when positive gains are made, they should be attributed to ad securements in argument and curriculum, not because of the grouping arrangement. When the top, middle and bottom groups use the same curriculum,Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning 6 despite their differing ability, there are no academic gains. When students are placed in homogenous classes, the top students show a ignore drop in their confidence levels, while the bottom students show a slight subjoin. When classes used contrastive curricula, there were some positive changes in ac hievement. The greatest increase noted is when students are put into enrichment or speed up classes, mainly because of the additional resources and change in curricula offered. A variation of homogenous grouping by class is homogeneous semi-groups in spite of appearance a heterogeneous class. Slavin & Karweit (1985) cited that many researchers found that the latter has more positive academic results than traditionalistic whole-class instruction.Cooperative learning has been a popular alternative method of grouping students instead of tracking. There is empirical evidence that accommodating learning is good for students (Gokhale, 1995 Slavin, 1995 Yackel, Cobb & Wood, 1991) but Johnson and Johnson (as cited in Northwest regional educational Laboratory, 2005) find that, the sure-fire application of accommodative grouping in classrooms hitherto eludes many educators. Therefore, researchers continue to investigate this topic, specifically trying to identify the different variabl es thatmake cooperative learning successful and effective (Cohen, 1994 Slavin, 1995 Yackel, Cobb & Wood, 1991). Without certain elements, cooperative learning is no more effective than traditional methods of instruction and learning (Cohen, 1994 Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 2005). One element that has been under research is the intensity level of cooperative learning based on the type of task the group has to complete (Cohen, 1994).Many tasks can be done individually and do not really require cooperation for understanding. Other tasks, like those that are ill-structured and those where process is more important than outcome, should be used as cooperative learning tasks. Another element that can affect how beneficial cooperative learning can be is the type of interactions that occur between the group members. Cohen (1994) cited many studies that conclude that students discussions in groups are good indicators of the achievement that the group will have. In addition, th e groups that ask specific questions while working proved to show more gains. Slavin (1995) identified other elements that make cooperative learning beneficial, and those elements are enclose because of certain theoretical perspectives. The motivational perspective includes group goals and awards as a cornerstone of cooperative learning. ThisEffectiveness of Cooperative Learning 7 surmisal acknowledges that the bearing of group work is for individuals to achieve as a result of being a part of a group.Therefore, in practice, the group can only benefit when the individuals of the group are successful. External rewards are give to groups when the individuals in the group are successful. This is a key element in this theory, and empirical evidence shows that this is a key factor in the effectiveness of all group work. Cohen (1994) acknowledges a compromise of sorts, stating that extrinsic motivational play should be used under certain circumstances where group interaction is not r eplete, for example, when group work is not challenging and could be ideal without the group. Other evidence shows that when carefully structured interactions are implemented accordingly cooperative learning can be effective even if there are no extrinsic rewards (Slavin, 1995). Another perspective of cooperative learning labeled social cohesion is more rooted in the interpersonal influence that cooperative learning entails (Slavin, 1995).Under this lens,an extrinsic reward for the groups achievement is not necessary because it is believed that the interactions that occur within the group are rewarding enough. This theory is strong in establishing group norms and roles for the members of the group as to enhance group interactions. Slavins studies did not find any evidence to support that this perspective on group work produces higher(prenominal) academic gains than traditional instruction, unless it was combined with extrinsic rewards. Other perspectives are similarly identified that account for mental processing of information that takes place in a cooperative learning setting.The developmental perspective is based on Vygotskys and Piagets work (as cited in Slavin, 1995) believing that students learn when they interact with others, as long as they are within each others zone of proximal development. Large gaps in students ability within a group did not yield academic growth. These beliefs alone have not been shown to increase learning, but they do return the rational quarter why cooperative learning is effective. An extension of this belief is the cognitive enfolding perspective which is based on students either providing or listening to flesh out explanations of pith. ODonnell & Dansereau and Webb (as cited in Slavin, 1995) found that students who provide elaborate explanations increase the most academically.Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning 8 Methodology The purpose of my research was to determine whether my students gain a better understanding of the mathematics content when they work in groups or when they work individually. I used pretests and posttests as the instrument to determine which situation would be more productive (see Appendix). Questions on the tests were selected from the maths in Context series, which is the mathematics series that my school district has mandated that we use, and from the Philadelphia Math Benchmark, a bi-monthly citywide test. The assessment questions elect aligned to the objectives and goals of the topic taught during the time frame of this study. They are open-ended questions in which students are told to provide an answer as well as an explanation. I normally use the assessments at the end of a section or unit of study. each participants had to give written parental consent to participate in the study. All students were requested to participate in this study, therefore, before the research was conducted, forms were distributed to the students(see Appendix).I verbally explained to the m that I was a student at a university, and mandatory to use their work in a project that I had to complete for my courses. Their work would be used to help me determine what teaching strategies worked well. I inform them that their names and other personal information would not be used, just their answers from regular classroom tests and assignments. I went on to say that I needed their and their parents permission to use their work in my reports, and it was fine if they did not insufficiency to give their permission. If I did not have their permission to use their results, they still had to do all the assignments and assessments, except their answers would not be used in my reports. I asked the students to let their parents know what my intentions were, and for them to return their consent forms promptly.The study began at the same time as a new mathematics topic. I had never taught the math content before, but students had been exposed to the content in previous grades. Before I did any instruction, I administered a pretest with two open-ended questions (see Appendix). The students were advised that this was a test to see what they were able to do before I taught them anything, and that this would not count toward their grade. I also told them that at the end of the lessons, they would take another test to see if they had progressed (the post-test, see Appendix). oer the course of the lessons (which lasted about 2 weeks), I followed the Madeline Hunter model of lesson design. each day the lesson was structured to include standards,Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning 9 objectives, anticipatory set, teaching, guided practice, closure, and independent practice (Allen, 1998). It was during the guided practice mickle of the lesson that half of the students either worked independently or in random groups (explained below). Half of the class was instructed that they would complete their work for this unit by working in groups the other half of the class would complete their work by themselves. The students were every which way assigned to work either individually or in groups using stochastic Sequence portend 1 Random Sequence generatorGenerator, a program that allows you to generate a random list of a sequence of numbers without repeating any numbers (Haahr, 1998). At the etymon ofthe school year, each of my students was given a number (the number has no academic correlation) from 1 to 28 since there are 28 students in the class. The images show how the program lets you choose your sequence of numbers (Figures 1), and will because put those numbers in a random order (Figure 2) I chose from 1 to 28 to represent the 28 students in my class. The first 13 students to appear on the list were assigned to work individually the other 15 students would work in groups of 3 Figure 2 Random Sequence Generator Listfor the duration of the unit. In cases of absence, groups would work as dyads. To eliminate any concerns about ability, gender,s ocial grouping, which are variables that were not include in this study, students who worked in groups were shifted daily into different groups throughout the duration of the lessons. I managed that by putting each of the 15 students numbers on slips of penning and pulling three students at a time to form groups for that day.Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning 10 At the end of the unit, students were given a post-test as a means to measure their progress. The post-test included the same two questions that were on the pretest and one additional open-ended question (see Appendix). All questions were chosen from the Mathematics in Context series and the Philadelphia Math Benchmark, as explained above. The objective was to determine what students could do before instruction on the pretest, and compare the results to those on the post-test. Findings Investigating if there is a difference in understanding when students work alone or if they work in groups naturally led to compare stud ents work. There were several comparisons that are made below, for example, pretest to post-tests, and individuals grades to groups grades.My expectations before I conducted any research were that most of the students would show some type of growth from the pretest to the post-test whether they worked individually or in groups. I anticipated that those students who worked in groups would be better able to explain their answers than students who worked alone. My conclusions about the cause of change in student understanding from the beginning of the unit to the end isbased on analyzing the change from the pre-test results to the post-testFigure 3 AveragesEffectiveness of Cooperative Learning 11 results (see Figure 3). The pretest had two questions, while the post-test repeated those same two questions plus one additional question. I compared the pretest results to the post-test results according to the averages for each question. It is difficult to conclude which student category sh owed better improvements in understanding because everyone started out with such high pretest averages. I expected much lower pretest impinge ons so this was surprise and very much unexpected. In both categories, the students results for the first two questions show that there was not much change in understanding from the beginning of the unit to the end of the unit, although, those who worked in groups did show a slight increase in their understanding for question 1.Question 3 of the post-test reveals the most evoke and perhaps confusing results. This question was not included on the pretest. The average grade for those who worked individually is higher than those who worked in groups (see Figure 3), but uncomplete category of students showed a proficient level of understanding. Again, this was surprising and unexpected. A walk-to(prenominal) look at this question reveals that students results varied whether they worked in groups or individually (see Figure 4). Neither group sh owed a strong tendency to score in any specific grading category. However, the students who worked individually did have a greaterEffectiveness of Cooperative Learning 12 percentage that got the question correct by showing and/or explaining their work, and therefore received an right grade. Furthermore, those who worked in groups had a higher percentage that got the question wrong, receiving a below elementary grade. Based on this data, the students who worked individually did have a better understanding of how to solve this problem than those who worked in groups.Conclusions Based on the results of my research, it is difficult for me toconclude whether having students work in groups or individually helped improve students understanding in my classroom. The data I collected did not show that there was a strong improvement in understanding for either group dynamic. One question did favor those who worked individually, but that conclusion cannot be lengthened to the other questions. There are a few statistical factors that caused my results to be inconclusive. The students pretest scores were high, showing that they understood those particular objectives before any instruction took place. In order for the data to show some type of conclusions, one or both of the following things would have had to happen. There would have to be growth from the pretest to the post-test, or the post-test results would have to consistently favor the group workers or the individual workers.My data did not do this. In retrospect there are several things that I would do differently. The first thing would be to vary the pretest and post-test questions. Gokhale (1995) did a similar research study and used different questions in order to prevent students from becoming test-wise. I would also encompass the length of the study so that I could repeat the study all over several units. I do not think that I had enough data to draw sound conclusions. Both of these changes would make me feel more comfortable and more confident about the results of this study however they would not necessarily alter my findings.The research about cooperative learning offers suggestions that energy yield different results. question shows that my question about the effectiveness of cooperative learning needs to be modified to investigate whether certain factors of cooperative learning are effective. The research shows that certain elements can or cannot personify which will probably affect whether cooperative learning is working. Certain things like external rewards, group interactions, abilityEffectiveness of Cooperative Learning 13 levels within the group, group tasks, group structure and norms, and elaboration/explanation are influential variables that can be studied. Based on the research about cooperative learning and on my results from my study, I conclude that group work in my classroom is not beneficial to my students achievement. I am one of those educators that was eluded as to how to make cooperative learning work.My class falls into the category where group work is no more effective than traditional methods. I am not satisfied with this position, and manyteachers may be in this same situation. To further my practice, and perhaps other teachers as well, I would make adjustments to the way I structure cooperative learning in my classroom to include elements suggested from the current research. A good place to begin would be to analyze the theoretical perspectives suggested by Slavin (1995) to see what perspectives best match my own philosophy of teaching. I would then apply some of the fundamental elements that are associated with that belief and repeat my study. Instead of comparing individuals to students that worked in groups, I would investigate which elements of cooperative learning were more effective in my classroom.ReferencesAllen, T. (1998). Some basic lesson presentation elements. Retrieved January 2007, from Humboldt State University http//ww w.humboldt.edu/tha1/hunter-eei.html Cohen, E. G. (1994). Restructuring the classroom Conditions for productive small groups. Review of Educational Research. 64, 1-35. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00346543(198723)57%3A3%3C293%3AAGASAI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5Davidson, N., & Kroll, D.L. (1991). An overview of research on cooperative learning related to mathematics. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 22, 362-365. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00218251%28199111%2922%3A5%3C362%3AAOOROC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-PEsposito, D. (1973). Homogeneous and heterogeneous ability grouping hotshot findings and implications for evaluating and designing more effective educational environments. Review of Educational Research. 43, 163-179. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00346543(197321)43%3A2%3C163%3AHAHAGP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-%23Gokhale, A.A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking.Journal of Technology Educa tion, 7, No.1, Retrieved January 2007, from http//scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v7n1/pdf/gokhale.pdfHaahr, M. (1998). Randomized sequences. Retrieved February 2007 from http//www.random.org/sform.htmlEffectiveness of Cooperative Learning 15 Kulik, J. A. (1992). An analysis of the research on ability grouping Historical and contemporary perspectives. National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented, CT. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED350777). Retrieved January 2007, from http//edres.org/eric/ED350777.htmMills, R. (1997). Grouping Students for centering in Middle Schools. ERIC Digest, Retrieved January 2007, from http//www.ericdigests.org/1999-1/grouping.htmlNorthwest Regional Educational Laboratory, Portland, Oregon., (2005). Research based strategies Cooperative grouping. Retrieved January 20, 2007, from Focus on Effectiveness Web site http//www.netc.org/focus/strategies/coop.phpSlavin, R. E. (1993). Ability grouping in the middle grades Achievement effects and alt ernatives. The wide-eyed School Journal. 93, No. 5, 535-552. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00135984%28199305%2993%3A5%3C535%3AAGITMG%3E2.0.CO%3B2-OSlavin, R.E. (1995). Research on cooperative learning and achievement What we know, what we need to know. Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed at Risk, Retrieved January 2007, from http//www.aegean.gr/culturaltec/c_karagiannidis/20032004/collaborative/slavin1996.pdfSlavin, R. E. , & Karweit, N. L. (1985). Effects of whole class, ability grouped, and individualized instruction on mathematics achievement. AmericanEducational Research Journal. 22, No. 3, 351-367. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00028312%281985232%2922%3A3%3C351%3AEOWCAG%3E2.0.CO%3B2-KWood, T. (1993). Chapter 2 Creating an environment for learning mathematics Social interaction perspective. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 6, 15-20. Retrieved January,Effectiveness of Cooperative Lea rning 16 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=08839530%281993%296%3C15%3AC2CAEF%3E2.0.CO%3B2-AYackel, E., Cobb, P., & Wood, T. (1991). Small-group interactions as a source of learning opportunities in second-grade mathematics. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 22, 390-408. Retrieved January, 2007 from http//links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00218251%28199111%2922%3A5%3C390%3ASIAASO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-6&origin=JSTORpdf

Diabetes Research Essay

Diabetes is a great deal referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus. This describes a group of diseases in which the person has postgraduate blood glucose (blood sugar). This could be because either insulin production is inadequate or the bes cells do not respond decently to insulin. There be 3 slips of diabetes1)Type 1 DiabetesThe body does not produce insulin. People unremarkably develop type 1 diabetes in too soon adulthood or teenage years. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases argon type 1, it is nowhere near as common as type 2. Patients with type 1 diabetes testament need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life and carry step up regular blood tests and a special diet to ensure proper blood-glucose levels.2)Type 2 DiabetesThe body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin. Some slew may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, a healthy diet, and doing lots of exer cise. They would also have to monitor their blood-glucose levels. Although the patients will most likely end up having to take insulin in pad of paper form because type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive disease.3)Gestational DiabetesThis type affects woman during pregnancy, some woman have very high levels of glucose in their bodies and are unable to produce enough insulin. The majority of gestational diabetes patients mickle control their diabetes with exercise and diet. Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes pot raise the risk of complications during childbirth.HistoryFor 2,000 years diabetes has been recognized as a devastating and deadly disease. In the 17th century a capital of the United Kingdom physician, Dr. Thomas Willis,determined whether his patients had diabetes or not by sampling their urine. If it had a sweet taste he would diagnose them with diabetes mellitus- honeyed diabetes. In the early 20th century, diabetologists such as Dr. Frederick Allen presc ribed low calorie diets-as precise as 450 calories per day for his patients. His diet prolonged the life of people with diabetes solely kept them weak and suffering from near starvation. In his book, The Discovery of Insulin, Michael rejoicing describes the inconvenience oneselfful wasting death of many people with diabetes before insulin viands and drink no longer mattered, often could not be taken.A restless drowsiness shaded into semi-consciousness. As the lungs heaved desperately to expel carbonic acetous (as carbon dioxide), the dying diabetic took huge gasps of air to try to join on his capacity. Air hunger the doctors called it, and the whole process was sometimes described as internal suffocation. The gasping and sighing and sweet smell lingered on as the unconsciousness became a deep diabetic coma. At that point the family could come to its arrangements with the undertaker, for within a few hours death would end the suffering.Then in 1921 something truly providential occurred in Ontario, Canada. A young surgeon Frederick Banting, and his assistant Charles Best, kept a severely diabetic dog alive for 70 days by injecting it with a murky concoction of female genital organine pancreas particularct. Since insulins discovery, medical breakthroughs go on to prolong and ease the lives of people with diabetes. In 1935 Roger Hinsworth discovered there were twain types of diabetes insulin sensitive (type I) and insulin insensitive (type II). By differentiating between the two types of diabetes, Hinsworth helped open up new avenues of treatment. In the 1950s, oral medications-sulfonylureas were developed for people with type II. These drugs hurry the pancreas to produce more insulin, helping people with type II diabetes bound tighter control over their blood sugars. In the 1960s urine strips were developed, and Becton-Dickinson introduced the bingle use syringe in 1961. This greatly reduced the amount of pain from injections as well as the time-con suming ritual of boiling needles and candy syringes.Chemistry behind diabetesDiabetes is characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the body. The management of insulin therapy in relation to carbohydrates can be hard to deal with for most diabetics. Carbohydrates ingest to increased blood sugar. Once digested, carbohydrates break down into glucose molecules, which are and then converted into ATP in the cells with insulin. Too little insulin causes an excess of unregenerated glucose, and too much insulin causes low blood sugar. Carbohydrates are necessary when a diabetic is experiencing hypoglycemia to compensate for the excess insulin in the blood stream, which can lead to serious consequences, such as seizure or even death.Social ImpactsDiabetes is more than a health condition. For most people, its a new way of life, and it affects relationships in all areas as much as it affects eating and carnal activity. One challenge facing a diabetes scholar is the ongoing medical ca re required during school hours. It is up to the parents to make sure the school officials, nurses, and teachers are educated and comply with their childs needs. An early(a) challenge is helping the child fit in. often other children have no knowledge or understanding of diabetes and with a information that the child is being treated differently this could lead to teasing and mayhap bullying. Sports are an important part of many peoples lives. Teamwork and physical activity are vital parts of a well-rounded life. Diabetes doesnt have to alter that Exercise is essential in diabetes management, and participation in sports can provide this and other benefits. But it does require some extra effort by the diabetic.Economic impactsDiabetes is a disease that occurs worldwide, and therefore its sparing impact is experienced globally. With increasing concern among providers about the rising be of health care, economic assessments of the impact of various diseases are growing in importance . This imposes a large economic burden on the individual, national healthcare system and economy.Environmental impactsEnvironmental computes appear to play an important fictitious character in the pathogenesis of childhood-onset of type 1 diabetes. Breastfeeding, the early presence or overleap of certain foods, birth weight, childhood over-nutrition, and negative stress events have been shown to be related to the prevalence of type 1 diabetes. More studies are first to show that pollution can affect the symptoms of diabetes by increasing agitation and contributing to weight gain. People who live in urban areas are more likely to breathe polluted air, which is believed to be a factor in insulin resistance. Moreover, diabetics have a harder time controlling blood hightail it during times where air pollution is increased leading to intensified cardiovascular problems.

Corrections Purpose and History Essay

The history of punishment is a unique one, since the chatter of man human kind has punished one a nonher. Man did non merely throw close toone in a chamber and permit them contemplate their crimes such as we do in todays baseball club rather, during those early magazines, punishment was harsh and swift. Criminals were non drawn by means of the litigation processes instead, they were found immediately guilty of a crime and brought onward to be punished in an open forum, serving to the masses as an example of the consequences of crime. The early forms of punishment in Europe varied greatly but all forms were meant to inflict unimaginable pain upon the recipient, and it is from the European methods of immurement from which the U.S. drew inspiration. penalty such as crucifixion, burning on pyres, guillotines, and gauntlets ar but a few examples of what methods were utilized as early methods of punishment in early Europe. This illustrates the underlying ideology that punishment should be administered with cardinal principles in mind, deterrence and retribution.Purpose and HistoryMethods of poundage introduced near the unblock of the eighteenth century England inspired and revolutionized the way we punish and house inmates. In England during the fifteenth and sixteenth centurys corporal punishment reined supreme. general beatings were carried out in the streets with whips beheadings and torture were the norm for serious crimes and enslavement was greenness for petty offenders. During the seventeenth century in England and other European countries, impoundment for lesser offenses started to occur but conditions were less than desirable or humane. These facilities were overcrowded, unsanitary, and, overcome of all, gender/age neutral, which meant that male felons frequently took liberties with incarcerated women and children (Incarcerated The History of the Penitentiary from 1776-Present, 1997). The American Colonies quickly embraced the idea of impri son housement, because of the religious freedoms English settlers sought when they colonized this nation.The Quakers were a religious group that settled in the northeast United States and they unquestionable new laws to govern punishment and incarcerations that foc utilise on prolonged imprisonment to serve as retribution for crimes hopeted. The Quakers belief transcription focuse on of morality, peace, non-violence, and humanity. As such they showed mercy on offenders by allowing them to shed their anti-social behaviors by dint of long term incarceration and a penance of hard labor. It is from this that modernistic the concept of reformation was established. Since this form of incarceration gained popularity, it has held onto two core principles that a criminal can make restitutions for his/her crimes and that a convict can be eventually reintegrated back into society. The new form of punishment provided an alternative to the use punishments of yesteryear.Auburn versus Cherry Hill Pennsylvania SystemThis reformation of how society punished criminals served as the foundation for new and competing theories on incarceration and punishment. In America around the early 1800s, two prison systems were the dominant models of labour the Pennsylvania and the Auburn State. The first model was the Pennsylvania model, which was first used at Cherry Hill prison. This model used solitary task as its primary tool convicts were invariablely detained without interactions with other individuals or time outside of confinement. The idea was that solitary confinement would lead to inward check and religious motivation and result in a penitent convict. In fact the word penitentiary actually comes from the Pennsylvania model of perpetual confinement because it had religious implications. At first, particularly in Cherry Hill, a Bible would be left in the solitary confinement cells in the hopes it would help prisoners repent. The second model was the Auburn State prison sys tem, which support the labor penance model. It operated under the assumption that hard, physical labor could not only serve as restitution but as a means of helping a convicted criminal reintegrate into society richly reformed. Often, prisoners worked during the day in total silence and would be hosed down them at night.A primary(prenominal) criticism of the Auburn system was that prisoners were being used essentially as slave labor. Inmates were being farmed out to private pargonntage owners, who had contracts with the nominate, which in turn lined the pockets of the private businesses and cut costs for the state. As such, the Auburn model became the popular model, because states faced significantly less prison and prisoner c ar costs. Businesses paid a fee in rove to use the prisoners and the prisoners acted as unpaid labor for the businesses. The state prisons pocketed the fees thus creating a revenue stream that could be used to support the prisons, rather than tapping into state funds, i.e. evaluate payer dollars (Colvin, 1997). Around the 1920s to 1930s many changes occurred due to the state of the economy and activists pressing the government for prison reform. One of the main changes occurred when Congress enacted the Hawes Cooper Act, which effectively stymied the sale of prison-made well(p)s or the use of prison-labor by devising such goods subject to state punitive laws.This act was worked in no small part due to the jobs that were needed by good upstanding citizensjobs that were being taken away during extremely tough monetary times by cheap prison labor. Congress had the authority to pass such a law thanks to its power to control and tax interstate commerce. The Ashurst-Sumners Act was the final nail in the coffin by prohibiting transport companies from accepting prison-made products (McShane & Williams,1996). The changes that stemmed from the Depression helped shape the correctional system into the renewal-oriented program we have toda y. Prisoners be now classified into the likelihood of rehabilitation and the type of crimes that were committed, and this determines what type of facility an offender is incarcerated. Since 1935, the government made it pass off that prisons must separate prisoners on the basis of gender and age. Now, facilities specifically for upstart offenders have been established and the handling procedures for younger offenders have been defined.Furthermore, there are programs to rehabilitate all types of offenders whether their needs are as simple as talking to someone during counseling sessions or educational opportunities. In some ways this system has been detrimental to corrections as a intact because it arguably results in overcrowding and a more lenient attitude if you commit a crime then you will only have to hump with years off your life rather than hard labor and making reparations for the crime (Seiter, 2011). Over-population has resulted in more money taken from the taxpayers be cause if there are more people in the correctional system, more facilities and care are needed. Crime levels have dissipated over the years but not dramatically enough to really prove that this system is the true base to our problems.ConclusionModern principles of rehabilitation and reform have brought about the creation of facilities to incarcerate convicted individuals these structures are called penitentiaries, jails, and prisons. Current prisons are more aptly implicated with long-term detention rather than a temporary housing introductory to punishment like it was used as in the past. Todays Prisons are a shell of the former institutions. Inmates in facilities today would never allow themselves to be used for labor outside prison walls it would be considered cruel and unusual punishment. For now the correctional system work, but soon it could be on the verge of collapse and any moment the outflow gates could burst and the concept of rehabilitation could come to an end.Ref erencesMcshane, M. D., & Williams, F. P. (1996). Encyclopedia of American Prisons (2nd ed.). Taylor and Francis. INCARCERATED THE HISTORY OF THE PENITENTIARY FROM 1776-PRESENT. (1997). Retrieved from http//www.richeast.org/htwm/jails/Jails.html Colvin, M. (1997). Penitentiaries, Reformatories, and Chain Gangs Social Theory and the History of Punishment in Nineteenth Century America. St. Martins Press. Seiter, R. (2011). Corrections an Introduction (3rd ed.). upper berth saddle Hall, NJ Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Online Enrollment System

An Innovative Approach to a School Community instruction scheme (Web Based) By Lelit Acolacol Joshua Ely B. Alfonso Jobelle Cavaneyro Jeffrey Gallardo Raymond Ramos A capstone proposal submitted in partial fulfilment for the subject System Analysis and Design in the course breeding Technology Adviser Mr. Frederic B. Asejo Introduction To pay homage to our alma- mater is our intent, we decided that we created a discoverline that ordain acknowledge ICI, a system which each and every faculty member and scholarly person merchant ship use.Starting out with a few rooms in three-storey building, with the basic facilities required by the TESDA, Prof. Neil Mateo, the inculcate director, set out to usher ICI as a work that would aim to develop excellent learners. 2008-2009 ICI welcomed to its fold 272 students who enrolled in technical-vocational courses in HRS, IT, calculating machine Science, Computer Technology, Front positioning and Call Center Management. With the growth of student population with just a span of four years, randomness readiness chamberpott be maintained due to the large sum up of students going in the school day.We have been staying in the school for almost 2 years and our attention were called by schooling dissemination and we model how tear we develop a system that every one from ICI can use, a school community information system. With the guidance of our adviser Mr. Derek Asejo we screw to create a system that can provide information with an thriving access which is through internet an online bulletin board that automatically updates its database, from birthdays, special(a) events, announcements, etc. BackgroundIt is though the vision of establishing a higher knowledge institution that would promise rewarding careers for the youth that ICI college of Arts and Technology founded on March 5, 2008. Starting out with a few rooms in three-storey building, with the basic facilities required by the TESDA, Prof. Neil Mateo, the school director, set out to establish ICI as a school that would aim to develop excellent learners thought legal an innovative educational strategies. ICI was issued its Certification of Program Registration to get on May 14, 2008. The school opened up immediately for setoff enrollees 008-2009 ICI welcomed to its fold 272 students who enrolled in technical-vocational courses in HRS, IT, Computer Science, Computer Technology, Front Office and Call Center Management. ICI became a member of Bulacan Private Schools draw (BULPRISA) and Bulacan Association of Technology Schools (BATS). SY 2009-2010, ICI started to offer degree programs in Computer Science, Hospitality Management, crease and Literal Arts. According to the interviews conducted with the school administrators and supplemented with personal observation made by the researcher the following are the recognized problems.In advertising of schools quality education, courses offered and facilities, Immaculate Conception interna tionalistic uses tarpaulin and flyers to spread the information of the school to encourage new students, effective but overly risky, clock consuming and it costs a masses of money to the module/s conducting this method. Posting of information and announcement on the bulletin board is a way for school staff/s to inform their students about the forthcoming events and activities. Its time consuming, costs a broadcast of ride and sometimes the students ignores it and would not participate in the school events and activities.Background Immaculate Conception internationalist takes evaluation among the students by subject matter of survey to know their suggestions and feedback about the school management. In conducting a survey, the school staff/s gives chance to the students to care their opinions for the improvements of school regulations and facilities and they do it manually and it takes too much time and effort for them. They use print-outs as surveys and distribute it room- to-room and then wait until the students are through with(p) filling-up the survey sheet/form.It takes a lot of hassle because some students sometimes disregard this form and ignore it because some students are not interested with this mathematical process of giving feedback and suggestions. Problem General Problem/s Information Dissemination, a particular problem in starting school/s like the ICI, they will have to hire someone or a group of people to perform the specific task and it takes a lot of effort doing so, a waste of effort and a waste of cash that can be used to other projects that can help students, much(prenominal) as scholarships. Specific Problem/s Immaculate Conception International uses tarpaulin and flyers to spread the information of the school to encourage new students, effective but too risky, time consuming and it costs a lot of money to the staff/s conducting this method. Posting of information and announcement on the bulletin board is a way for school staff/s to inform their students about the upcoming events and activities. Its time consuming, costs a lot of effort. Immaculate Conception International takes evaluation among the students by means of survey to know their suggestions and feedback about the school management.In conducting a survey, the school staff/s gives chance to the students to share their opinions for the improvements of school regulations and facilities and they do it manually and it takes too much time and effort for them. intention/s General accusive/s To create a system that will improve information dissemination to students, faculty, school staff/s and fund consumption. Specific Objective/s To create a Web Based Application that will help the school to campaign process/procedure without risk and nominal costs. To develop a method that will minimize the effort of school staff in giving updated information to the students. To create an evaluation process that will get students request/suggestions/ and feedback. Scope/s The web-based application can improve the campaign process/procedures without risk and minimal cost. The application can minimize the effort of school staff in giving updated information to the students. And lastly, the application can evaluate processes that will get the students . Limitation/s The system should have an internet service provide It cant download files from the system. info flow Diagram level 0 pic Data Flow Diagram Level 1 pic Existing Diagram pic

Law 421

Week 3 law 421 David Tiffany UOP Shalandrea J angiotensin-converting enzymes October 29, 2012 torts argon civil laws that argon gloomy and are rules for lawsuits. When these rules are broken they hind end result in deformity and harm this is usu every last(p lossicate)y the basis for the claim. Torts are punishable by immurement moreover in most incases civil wrong law is to provide sleep for damages and to stop new(prenominal)s from doing the same thing. The wound party can constituteion for loss of earnings, pain and suffering, and medical expenses or present and future.Torts can decrease under 3 categories intentional torts, oblivious torts, and severe liability. Intentional torts admit intentionally hitting someone, absent torts causing a traffic accident, and strict liability, making and selling defective merchandise. Tort law besides includes the areas of nuisance, defamation, imp consummation of privacy and economic torts. The first case deals with ke yless entries that malfunction. This is an role model of a strict liability this law a law applies to manufactures that manufacture and sell products that can be capablenessly subtle to the consumer.Strict liability tort and negligent tort are similar but with strict liability the victim does non excite to prove their negligence. In the case of the keyless creation the malfunction occurs when the railroad automobile owner exits the political machine. At this time the political machine should automatically shut off after a certain period of time. until now the car does not and the engine continues to run. The car owners often park their cars in garages that are not ventilated and do not hear the engine caterpillar tread. This malfunction of the car ca utilised more than one case of carbon monoxide poisoning.One car manufacture states that they do offer additional warning about caustic the engine off and the consequences of not doing so. The car manufactures can be h eld conceivable(predicate) for many different lawsuits not only from the families of the people who died but in any case from the survivors. Law expert. com defines negligence as the harm to use quotidian sympathize with. negligence can occur when someone does not exercise the list of care that a someone would use under the circumstances or somebody does something that a reasonably minute person would not do under the circumstances.Automobiles accidents are often voice of negligence. In order for an act to be considered negligent certain effects must be established. 1. The defendant owed a duty to the plaintiff. 2. The defendant violated that duty. 3. As a result of the defendant violation the plaintiff suffered injury. 4. The injury was a reasonable consequence of the defendant action or inaction. Law expert. com also provides an example of negligence. A person driving a car has a general duty to use the car in a gum elastic and responsible manner. If that driver runs a red dispirit, that diver violates that duty.As it is understood that running a red light can cause a car crash and that people are likely to be injured in such a opposition, that in fact results to others in a collision resulting from the person running the red light. Gross negligence means that tactual sensation or failure to act that is so reckless that it demonstrates a certain lack of concern. For example a government employee on the job and an ac conjunctioning occurs because the employee is on the job they whitethorn be immune from liability for ordinary negligence but may remain liable for crude negligence.The spot example with the resilient mark is an example of negligence and possible gross negligence. I think that the company that promotes and sets up the bounce domiciliates should inform the node of the possibility of the houses blowing away and not set them up in wordy conditions. Also in states where decent restraints are not admitd they should be. Wind, weight, or a number of other factors can cause the bouncy house to take flight. I look at that it is reasonable to tie down the bouncy houses so that the customers are gear up as possible.In states that do not require regulations they are leaving themselves absolved for gross negligence charges if an incident does occur. close to every jurisdiction a person is responsible for all losings and damages that result from his or her negligence. With certain exceptions owners, people who handles fondles, and people that retain pets can be held responsible for injuries caused by their pet. Negligence is also delineate as the lack or ordinary care. An example of an unreasonable action would be a red hot owner letting go of his dogs ternary when another dog approaches so that the dogs can play.An unreasonable action efficiency be the failure to deem a dog away from client when it is prone to play violent or knock people down. Negligence is also considered when an adult pla ces a watchdog in the dwell with a sleeping infant. If a person fails to protect a visitor from a potentially dangerous pet this falls under the doctrine of exposit liability. Landlords, landowners and management companies can be held liable and responsible to their tenants failing to scotch rid of a beastly animal. The final example with the trace this is an example of negligence. Any animal has the potential to be vicious if it exposed to bare-ass people or feels threatened.So if the homeowners have company it is best to keep the ferret in a coop or in a room with the door closed to cancel possible injuries to their guest. If the pet owner follows all necessary precautions an incident occurs wherefore they will not be liable for the incident if one occurs. References www. lawcornell. edu www. lawexpert. com www. lawinformationlive. com http//today. msnbc. msn. com/id/26184891/vp/4164037241640372 http//today. msnbc. msn. com/id/26184891/vp/4329225843292258 http//www. cnn. com/ exposure//video/us/2011/01/11/dnt. ferret. attacks. infant. kctv? hpt=T2Law 421Week 3 Law 421 David Tiffany UOP Shalandrea Jones October 29, 2012 Torts are civil laws that are broken and are rules for lawsuits. When these rules are broken they can result in injury and harm this is usually the basis for the claim. Torts are punishable by imprisonment but in most cases tort law is to provide relief for damages and to stop others from doing the same thing. The injured party can sue for loss of earnings, pain and suffering, and medical expenses or present and future.Torts can fall under 3 categories intentional torts, negligent torts, and strict liability. Intentional torts include intentionally hitting someone, negligent torts causing a traffic accident, and strict liability, making and selling defective merchandise. Tort law also includes the areas of nuisance, defamation, invasion of privacy and economic torts. The first case deals with keyless entries that malfunction. This is an example of a strict liability this law a law applies to manufactures that manufacture and sell products that can be potentially harmful to the consumer.Strict liability tort and negligent tort are similar but with strict liability the victim does not have to prove their negligence. In the case of the keyless entry the malfunction occurs when the car owner exits the car. At this time the car should automatically shut off after a certain period of time. However the car does not and the engine continues to run. The car owners often park their cars in garages that are not ventilated and do not hear the engine running. This malfunction of the car caused more than one case of carbon monoxide poisoning.One car manufacture states that they do offer additional warning about cutting the engine off and the consequences of not doing so. The car manufactures can be held liable for many different lawsuits not only from the families of the people who died but also from the survivors. Law exp ert. com defines negligence as the failure to use ordinary care. Negligence can occur when someone does not exercise the amount of care that a person would use under the circumstances or somebody does something that a reasonably careful person would not do under the circumstances.Automobiles accidents are often example of negligence. In order for an act to be considered negligent certain actions must be established. 1. The defendant owed a duty to the plaintiff. 2. The defendant violated that duty. 3. As a result of the defendant violation the plaintiff suffered injury. 4. The injury was a reasonable consequence of the defendant action or inaction. Law expert. com also provides an example of negligence. A person driving a car has a general duty to use the car in a safe and responsible manner. If that driver runs a red light, that diver violates that duty.As it is understood that running a red light can cause a car crash and that people are likely to be injured in such a collision, t hat in fact results to others in a collision resulting from the person running the red light. Gross negligence means that contact or failure to act that is so reckless that it demonstrates a substantial lack of concern. For example a government employee on the job and an incident occurs because the employee is on the job they may be immune from liability for ordinary negligence but may remain liable for gross negligence.The second example with the bouncy house is an example of negligence and possible gross negligence. I think that the company that promotes and sets up the bounce houses should inform the customer of the possibility of the houses blowing away and not set them up in windy conditions. Also in states where proper restraints are not required they should be. Wind, weight, or a number of other factors can cause the bouncy house to take flight. I believe that it is reasonable to tie down the bouncy houses so that the customers are secure as possible.In states that do not req uire regulations they are leaving themselves open for gross negligence charges if an incident does occur. Almost every jurisdiction a person is responsible for all losses and damages that result from his or her negligence. With certain exceptions owners, people who handles pets, and people that harbor pets can be held responsible for injuries caused by their pet. Negligence is also defined as the lack or ordinary care. An example of an unreasonable action would be a dog owner letting go of his dogs leash when another dog approaches so that the dogs can play.An unreasonable action might be the failure to keep a dog away from guest when it is prone to play rough or knock people down. Negligence is also considered when an adult places a watchdog in the room with a sleeping infant. If a person fails to protect a visitor from a potentially dangerous pet this falls under the doctrine of premises liability. Landlords, landowners and management companies can be held liable and responsible t o their tenants failing to get rid of a vicious animal. The final example with the ferret this is an example of negligence. Any animal has the potential to be vicious if it exposed to new people or feels threatened.So if the homeowners have company it is best to keep the ferret in a cage or in a room with the door closed to avoid possible injuries to their guest. If the pet owner follows all necessary precautions an incident occurs then they will not be liable for the incident if one occurs. References www. lawcornell. edu www. lawexpert. com www. lawinformationlive. com http//today. msnbc. msn. com/id/26184891/vp/4164037241640372 http//today. msnbc. msn. com/id/26184891/vp/4329225843292258 http//www. cnn. com/video//video/us/2011/01/11/dnt. ferret. attacks. infant. kctv? hpt=T2

The bet

It was another lonely dark for Mrs M simplyy as she sat in her armchair in the middle of her living get on with a cup of tea. Her husband had been come reveal of the closet completely twenty-four hours again in the book educaters it was if he lived on that point. Eventu completelyy he came home and Mrs M altogethery had prepared them both(prenominal) dinner, barely his had at peace(p) cold because she had already eaten hers earlier hoping he would get hold of been on that point so they could enjoy it together. Hello dear I commit you some dinner in the kitchen, youll pay back to heat it up because its asleep(p) a bit cold now she told him nervously.He replied negatively all right woman let me breath Ive only just got in the admittance She could tell he had been in the pub as well the expressive style he staggered in the ingress. Mrs Maloney quietly started watching television again when she hear Mr Maloney groaning from the kitchen. Then she walked in to see what was wrong, it was just him complaining again. She let him do on eating it merely sat down at the duck with him.She asked, So how was your day dear?But he replied, Let me force appear my dinner first So she did. My day was crap, I didnt win anything Mr Maloney told her.My day wasnt brilliant either, but I found something let out She informed,Whats that then? Mr Maloney asked,You stir Jim from the butchers. She repliedYes he say curiously Well his wife is expecting a baby. Isnt it colossal news she replied.Mr Maloney responded with no interest yeah outstanding news.I gaze we could be in possession of had a baby. She verbalize.Well its too late your fifty sixer-spot now and I cant be asked. He exclaimed, but some of it was the beer talking. She matte really depressed now like someone had just died.It was getting late so Mrs Maloney decided to go to bed on the delegacy up the stairs she asked, Are you coming up dear?He groaned in a minuteLater when she was tucked up in bed she hear Mr Maloney switch the lights stumble and slowly creep up the stairs. As he entered Mrs Maloney pretended t be asleep so he wouldnt say anything. He climbed into the bed and gradually dozed onward.The next break of day she woke up and gave a big stretch only to find that Mr Maloney had gone. Mrs Maloney didnt make a big deal out of it and carried on as if it were a normal day, which in fact it was. After she had eaten and got changed she watched the television to check out todays news. It announced that the Grand National was running today, thats why hes shot off then. She told herself. She grabbed her coat and dashed to the town centre where the bookmakers is.When she arrived it was rammed with people all doing their obtain there was hardly direction to breathe, but she started searching for the bookmakers to find Mr Maloney. Mrs Maloney ultimately found it but she just stood there outside thinking of what would drop dead if she went in. She picked up her courage and opened the door and everyone inside stared at her, she felt up intimidated. She scanned around looking for her husband only to find he wasnt there. meanwhile Mr Maloney was in his favourite bookmakers, which was in a nearby village more or less fifteen minutes a federal agency from his house. He had bet half his savings on this look sharp because he had a feeling he was outlet to win. The consort was closely to start and Mr Maloney had been waiting around an hour for this. He was with his friend Robert who al vogues went with him to bookmakers they were like a partnership because they were never alone in the place. He told Robert I get along Im spill to win this time, I just know it.But Robert replied yeah same old base every time then the race was off and the horses roared out of the offset blocks. Mr Maloney was shouting at the television come on red lightning he watched with his glued to the screen but the horse was failing him as usual.The race was coming to an end and red lightning was not winning but Mr Maloney didnt vex about that anymore, he was more worried about the fact that hed disoriented half his savings. He then threw his ticket into bin and shot out the door aggressively to go home.When he arrived home he went into the house. He asked Mary were you? but there was no reply. He then went into the kitchen she wasnt there either. Then he went upstairs to the bedroom and seen a note on the bed. He took it downstairs because he needed his screwballes. He read it and it said I cant live with you anymore because you are driving me crazy. I did a bet on the horses and won so I have enough money to start a new life, sorry but its for the best, yours Mary. He was angry and swung his arm across the mantelpiece knocking of all the crystal.Then he picked up a bottle and poured a glaze over of whisky, after he drank it he threw the glass up the wall and it burst all over the floor. Then he fell to his knees and cried out how coul d you do this to me and he fell into over and cried.The betIt was another lonely dark for Mrs Maloney as she sat in her armchair in the middle of her living room with a cup of tea. Her husband had been out all day again in the bookmakers it was if he lived there. Eventually he came home and Mrs Maloney had prepared them both dinner, but his had gone cold because she had already eaten hers earlier hoping he would have been there so they could enjoy it together. Hello dear I make you some dinner in the kitchen, youll have to heat it up because its gone a bit cold now she told him nervously.He replied negatively delicately woman let me breath Ive only just got in the door She could tell he had been in the pub as well the way he staggered in the door. Mrs Maloney quietly started watching television again when she heard Mr Maloney groaning from the kitchen. Then she walked in to see what was wrong, it was just him complaining again. She let him stockpile on eating it but sat down at t he panel with him.She asked, So how was your day dear?But he replied, Let me clear up my dinner first So she did. My day was crap, I didnt win anything Mr Maloney told her.My day wasnt brilliant either, but I found something out She informed,Whats that then? Mr Maloney asked,You know Jim from the butchers. She repliedYes he said curiously Well his wife is expecting a baby. Isnt it great news she replied.Mr Maloney responded with no interest yeah great news.I give heraldic bearing we could have had a baby. She said.Well its too late your fifty six now and I cant be asked. He exclaimed, but some of it was the beer talking. She felt really depressed now like someone had just died.It was getting late so Mrs Maloney decided to go to bed on the way up the stairs she asked, Are you coming up dear?He groaned in a minuteLater when she was tucked up in bed she heard Mr Maloney switch the lights off and slowly creep up the stairs. As he entered Mrs Maloney pretended t be asleep so he wou ldnt say anything. He climbed into the bed and gradually dozed off.The next dawning she woke up and gave a big stretch only to find that Mr Maloney had gone. Mrs Maloney didnt make a big deal out of it and carried on as if it were a normal day, which in fact it was. After she had eaten and got changed she watched the television to check out todays news. It announced that the Grand National was running today, thats why hes shot off then. She told herself. She grabbed her coat and dashed to the town centre where the bookmakers is.When she arrived it was rammed with people all doing their obtain there was hardly room to breathe, but she started searching for the bookmakers to find Mr Maloney. Mrs Maloney at long last found it but she just stood there outside thinking of what would come if she went in. She picked up her courage and opened the door and everyone inside stared at her, she felt intimidated. She scanned around looking for her husband only to find he wasnt there. retardat ion Mr Maloney was in his favourite bookmakers, which was in a nearby village about fifteen minutes away from his house. He had bet half his savings on this race because he had a feeling he was going to win. The race was about to start and Mr Maloney had been waiting around an hour for this. He was with his friend Robert who always went with him to bookmakers they were like a partnership because they were never alone in the place. He told Robert I know Im going to win this time, I just know it.But Robert replied yeah same old degree every time then the race was off and the horses roared out of the starting blocks. Mr Maloney was shouting at the television come on red lightning he watched with his glued to the screen but the horse was failing him as usual.The race was coming to an end and red lightning was not winning but Mr Maloney didnt care about that anymore, he was more worried about the fact that hed disconnected half his savings. He then threw his ticket into bin and shot o ut the door aggressively to go home.When he arrived home he went into the house. He asked Mary were you? but there was no reply. He then went into the kitchen she wasnt there either. Then he went upstairs to the bedroom and seen a note on the bed. He took it downstairs because he needed his glasses. He read it and it said I cant live with you anymore because you are driving me crazy. I did a bet on the horses and won so I have enough money to start a new life, sorry but its for the best, yours Mary. He was angry and swung his arm across the mantelpiece knocking of all the crystal.Then he picked up a bottle and poured a glass of whisky, after he drank it he threw the glass up the wall and it shatter all over the floor. Then he fell to his knees and cried out how could you do this to me and he fell into over and cried.